IAS INSIGHTS: April 2020

Thursday 30 April 2020

Geography Expected MCQs: UPSC IAS Prelims Exam 2020

UPSC IAS Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2020: Geography Expected MCQs/Question Bank for General Studies Paper-1. MYUPSC.COM is dedicated to preparation of UPSC Civil Services and State PSC Prelims and Mains Examination 2020. We are providing here the best quality study material and Test Series for UPSC IAS Prelims and Mains Exam 2020. You can get India yearbook 2020 and State wise Current Affairs and General Knowledge Yearbook 2020. The site intends to provide free study notes, knowledge or information related to IAS/PCS exams that can help to crack these Examinations. The Study Portal has also published its Ebooks/ PDF on various aspects & dimensions of General Studies of World, India and all the Indian states. The vision of the Study Portal is to consolidate all the relevant information related to India, Indian States regarding its History, Geography, Polity, Art-Culture, Heritage, Economy, Environment & Biodiversity and Current Affairs etc. Geography Expected MCQs: UPSC IAS Prelims Exam 2020

60 Days Online Revision Test Programme

45 Days Concept cum Revision Daily Test
17 Days Prelims Current Affairs Tests
Special Test on Economic Survey & Budget
Special Test on India Year Book & Mapping
Prelims Mock Test Series
Prelims Study Material

Programme Approach

UPSC Prelims is all about managing micro detailing of subjects & handling negative marking. As aspirants tend to get confused about what to study and how to study (i.e. up to what level/extent) for Civil Services Prelims, this programme has been designed to help students to cover whole syllabus effectively within a stipulated time and also have an assessment through test series.
This programme covers the complete syllabus including – History, Geography, Polity, Economy, Science, Environment and Current Affairs with the correct mix of Fundamental and Advance level of study to cover micro detailing of sub-topics & current developments.
44 Days Concept cum Revision tests for covering basic concepts. In each Test there will be a test of 100 questions (based on the topics given in schedule) followed by Class to cover basic aspects of each topic and approach to handle questions.
17 days Current Affairs Test covering last 2 years current topics/issues supplemented by notes.
Current Affairs Test will also include updates on Indian Year Book (IYB), PIB, Budget and Economic Survey.
Special Test on Mapping (World & Indian Geography).
Complete Prelims Study Material & Prelims Current Affairs Material will also be provided (It will cover Current Affairs of past 2 years). Geography Expected MCQs: UPSC IAS Prelims Exam 2020

Some Other Important Articles Himachal Pradesh Current Affairs Yearbook 2020

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Click Here To Download – Geography Expected MCQs

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UPSC Prelims Daily Current Affairs 30-04-2020

MYUPSC.COM is dedicated to preparation of UPSC Civil Services and State PSC Prelims and Mains Examination 2020. we are providing here the best quality study material and Test Series for UPSC IAS Prelims and Mains Exam 2020. you can get India yearbook 2020 and State wise Current Affairs and General Knowledge Yearbook 2020. The site intends to provide free study notes, knowledge or information related to IAS/PCS exams that can help to crack these Examinations. The Study Portal has also published its Ebooks/ PDF on various aspects & dimensions of General Studies of World, India and all the Indian states. The vision of the Study Portal is to consolidate all the relevant information related to India, Indian States regarding its History, Geography, Polity, Art-Culture, Heritage, Economy, Environment & Biodiversity and Current Affairs etc. UPSC Prelims Daily Current Affairs 30-04-2020

The foundation and idea behind myupsc.com is to address the useful and good quality study material in English medium for aspirants who are preparation for UPSC Indian Administrative Services (UPSC) and State PSC Exams. UPSC PSC General Studies Must Read Books for Prelims and Mains Exam.

Current Affairs Yearbook 2020 for UPSC PSC Exams

Current Affairs Yearbook 2020 Useful for UPSC & PSC Exams

Current Affairs Yearbook 2020: Current Affairs are essential for the preparation of the UPSC CSE & PSC examination. The UPSC, State PSC prelims and mains examination demand conceptual clarity of current affairs, Clearing the UPSC CSE & State PSC examination requires a complete, holistic and comprehensive understanding of concepts in the news and current affairs which has been provided by MYUPSC.COM in very crisp and meticulous notes covering all notable and crucial State, national and international current affairs. UPSC Prelims Daily Current Affairs 30-04-2020

A good understanding of current affairs is central to success in the UPSC, State PSC examination for aspirants. Since it is a strenuous and gruelling task for aspirants to cover current affairs daily and revise it well, MYUPSC.COM prepares crisp and concise notes that covers the important topics relevant from UPSC CSE examination perspective by referring daily newspapers, the Press Information Bureau (PIB), reliable sources like government magazines, for example, the Yojana and the Kurukshetra, etc. It is relevant for all freshers and veterans in the examination, as it is important to cover all aspects of a current affairs topic, which is holistically and entirely covered by MYUPSC.COM daily, weekly, monthly and yearly basis.

Now you have made up your mind to become IAS officer and looking for the books and study materials to achieve your goal. Well, you are on the right page. Now We are Sharing With You UPSC IAS Daily Current Affairs 2020.

UPSC Prelims Daily Current Affairs 30-04-2020

Findings of Annual Special 301 Report

Mekong River

Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)

United States Trade Representative (USTR)

Yarlung Tsangpo

India’s Permanent Mission to the United Nations

Central Water Commission

Berberine and Alzheimer’s

Cauvery River

Ordinance making power of President and Governor

Minority Educational Institutions

The Global Report on Internal Displacement (GRID 2020)

SC verdict on NEET

Facts for UPSC Prelims

Sunday 26 April 2020

UPSC Civil Services Prelims Exam 2020 Expected MCQ Part-26

UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Exam 2020 – 60 Days Revision

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UPSC Civil Services Prelims Exam 2020 Expected MCQ Part-26

1. The “World Water Development Report” is a flagship report of which organisation?

a) UN Environment Programme
b) Global Water Intelligence
c) UN-Water
d) International Water Association

Answer. (c) UN-Water

2. Which organisation or body appointed the UK Sinha committee on MSMEs?

Some Other Important Articles World Heritage Day-2020

a) Reserve Bank of India
b) Ministry of MSME
c) Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises
d) NITI Aayog

Answer. (a) Reserve Bank of India

3. Consider the following statements:

1. The Geological Survey of India (GSI) revealed that Arunachal Pradesh has 35% graphite deposits in India.
2. Graphite is a good conductor of electricity

Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?

a) Only 1
b) Only 2
c) both 1 & 2
d) None of the above

Answer. (c) Both I & II

4. Which State has the cheapest Vegetarian Thali as per the Economic Survey 2019-20?

a) Punjab
b) Jharkhand
c) UP
d) Bihar

Answer. (b) Jharkhand

5. Consider the following statements:

1. The first case of Coronavirus was reported from China
2. Coronavirus is officially known as ‘COVID-19’
3. The Coronavirus is highly contagious disease, but does not spread from human to animal.

Which of the above statement(s) is/are incorrect?

a) 1 only
b) 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1 and 3 only

Answer. (b) 3 only

6. Which state has the highest forest cover as per the State of Forest Report 2019?

a) Jharkhand
b) Madhya Pradesh
c) Uttar Pradesh
d) Meghalaya

Answer. (b) Madhya Pradesh

7. Consider the following statements with regard to PFRDA:

1. PFRDA stands for Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Agency
2. The PFRDA consists of a Chairperson and not over six members
3. PFRDA regulates the National Pension System (NPS).

Which of the given statement(s) is/are correct?

a) 1 Only
b) 3 Only
c) 1 and 2 Only
d) 2 and 3 only

Answer. (d) 2 and 3 only

8. When did India celebrate its 70th Constitution Day?

a) July 22
b) October 18
c) November 26
d) January 15

Answer. (c) November 26

9. When is the Global Handwashing Day observed every year?

a) August 12
b) September 6
c) October 15
d) November 20

Answer. (c) October 15

10. Which city hosted the COP14 to the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification?

a) New York
b) Greater Noida
c) Moscow
d) London

Answer. (b) Greater Noida

11. Consider the following statements in context of the Citizenship Amendment Act:

1. Citizenship Amendment Act, 2019 is an amendment to the Citizenship Act, 1956.
2. The Act grants citizenship to 6 minorities from Afghanistan, Pakistan and Bangladesh who arrived in India before December 31, 2014.
3. These six minorities are Hindus, Sikhs, Christians, Buddhist, Parsis and Jains.

Some Other Important Articles Vishesh Krishi and Gram Udyog Yojana (VKGUY)

Which of the given statement(s) is/are incorrect?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) 1 and 2 only
d) 2 and 3 only

Answer. (a) 1 Only

12. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct in context of the Ayushman Bharat?

1. Ayushman Bharat is a flagship health insurance scheme of the Central Government to achieve Universal Health Coverage.
2. The Ministry of Health & Family Welfare is the apex body responsible for the implementation of the Ayushman Bharat scheme.
3. The scheme comprises two components – Health and Wellness Centres and Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY).

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 3
d) Both 2 and 3

Answer. (c) Both 1 and 3

13. Which organisation launched the ‘MANI’ app to help visually challenged people in identifying the currency notes?

a) Ministry of Finance
b) Reserve Bank of India
c) NITI Aayog
d) SEBI

Answer. (b) Reserve Bank of India

14. India was ranked at which position in World Bank’s Ease of Doing Business Rankings 2019?

a) 43rd
b) 55th
c) 60th
d) 63rd

Answer. (d) 63rd

15. Which three banks have been merged into a single entity as the second largest public sector bank?

a) Punjab National Bank, Oriental Bank of Commerce, United Bank of India
b) United Bank of India, Union Bank of India, Vijaya Bank
c) Dena Bank, Vijaya Bank, Central Bank of India
d) None of the above

Answer. (a) Punjab National Bank, Oriental Bank of Commerce, United Bank of India

Q16- India is a member of which among the following?

1. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
2. Association of South-East Asian Nations
3. East Asia Summit

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) India is a member of none of them

Ans- b

Q17- The term ‘IndARC’, sometimes seen in the news, is the name of

(a) an indigenously developed radar system inducted into Indian Defence
(b) India’s satellite to provide services to the countries of Indian Ocean Rim
(c) a scientific establishment set up by India in Antarctic region
(d) India’s underwater observatory to scientifically study the Arctic region

Ans- d

Q18- Which one of the following countries of South-West Asia does not open out to the Mediterranean Sea?

Some Other Important Articles UPSC Civil Services Prelims Exam 2020 Expected MCQ Part-8

(a) Syria
(b) Jordan
(c) Lebanon
(d) Israel

Ans- b

Q19- ‘Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action’, often seen in the news, is

(a) a strategy to tackle regional terrorism, an outcome of a meeting of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization
(b) a plan of action for sustainable economic growth in the Asia-Pacific Region, an outcome of the deliberations of the Asia-Pacific Economic Forum
(c) an agenda for women’s empowerment, an outcome of a World Conference convened by the United Nations
(d) a strategy to combat wildlife trafficking, a declaration of the East Asia Summit

Ans- c

Q20- Consider the following countries

1. China
2. France
3. India
4. Israel
5. Pakistan

Which among the above are Nuclear Weapons States as recognized by the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, commonly known as the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1, 3, 4 and 5 only
(c) 2, 4 and 5 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

Ans- a

UPSC Prelims 2020: Complete Revision

Current Affairs Yearbook 2020 for UPSC PSC Exams

UPSC Prelims 2020 Expected Question Bank: 500+ MCQs

UPSC Prelims 2020 Expected Question Bank: 800+ MCQs

UPSC Prelims 2020 GS Paper: Practice Test 1-10

Saturday 25 April 2020

UPSC Prelim Daily Current Affairs 25-04-2020

MYUPSC.COM is dedicated to preparation of UPSC Civil Services and State PSC Prelims and Mains Examination 2020. we are providing here the best quality study material and Test Series for UPSC IAS Prelims and Mains Exam 2020. you can get India yearbook 2020 and State wise Current Affairs and General Knowledge Yearbook 2020. The site intends to provide free study notes, knowledge or information related to IAS/PCS exams that can help to crack these Examinations. The Study Portal has also published its Ebooks/ PDF on various aspects & dimensions of General Studies of World, India and all the Indian states. The vision of the Study Portal is to consolidate all the relevant information related to India, Indian States regarding its History, Geography, Polity, Art-Culture, Heritage, Economy, Environment & Biodiversity and Current Affairs etc. UPSC Prelim Daily Current Affairs 25-04-2020

Current Affairs Yearbook 2020 for UPSC PSC Exams

Current Affairs Yearbook 2020 Useful for UPSC & PSC Exams

UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Exam 2020 – 60 Days Revision

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Current affairs that is needed for UPSC IAS exam preparation is updated every day (except Sundays) along with General Studies Quiz. These current events are prepared from The Hindu, PIB, Business Standard, Wikipedia and other standard sources. These current events are free of cost and we request you NOT to buy these from photocopy shops which are illegally sold without our permission.

UPSC Prelim Daily Current Affairs 25-04-2020

VidyaDaan 2.0

Ministry of HRD launched national program VidyaDaan 2.0 for inviting e-learning Content contributions.
VidyaDaan is a common national programme to develop and contribute e-learning content and a chance to be recognized nationally.
VidyaDaan is conceptualised as a common national program for individuals and organizations across the country to contribute e-learning resources for both school and higher education to ensure continuity of quality learning.
The content will be used on the DIKSHA app to help millions of children across the country to continue their learning anytime and anywhere.

Khudai Khidmatgar

Its 90 years for Peshawar’s Qissa Khwani Bazaar massacre.

The massacre was perpetrated by British soldiers against non-violent protesters of the Khudai Khidmatgar movement on April 23, 1930.

Who were the Khudai Khidmatgars?

The Khudai Khidmatgar was a non-violent movement against British occupation of the Indian subcontinent.

It was led by Abdul Ghaffar Khan, a Pashtun freedom fighter, in the North-West Frontier Province.
Over time, the movement acquired a more political colour, leading to the British taking notice of its growing prominence in the region.
Following the arrest of Khan and other leaders in 1929, the movement formally joined the Indian National Congress after they failed to receive support from the All-India Muslim League.
Members of the Khudai Khidmatgar were organised and the men stood out because of the bright red shirts they wore as uniforms, while the women wore black garments.

Why did the Qissa Khwani Bazaar massacre happen?

Abdul Ghaffar Khan and other leaders of the Khudai Khidmatgar were arrested on April 23, 1930 by British police after he gave a speech at a gathering in the town of Utmanzai in the North-West Frontier Province.
Khan’s arrest spurred protests in neighbouring towns, including Peshawar.
Protests spilled into the Qissa Khwani Bazaar in Peshawar on the day of Khan’s arrest.
British soldiers entered the market area to disperse crowds that had refused to leave. In response, British army vehicles drove into the crowds, killing several protesters and bystanders.

What was the aftermath of the Qissa Khwani Bazaar massacre?

The British ramped up the crackdown on Khudai Khidmatgar leaders and members following the Qissa Khwani Bazaar massacre.
In response, the movement began involving young women in its struggle against the British, a decision in line with tactics adopted by revolutionaries across the undivided India. Women were able to move undetected with more ease than men.
According to accounts by Khudai Khidmatgar activists, the British subjected members of the movement to harassment, abuse and coercive tactics adopted elsewhere in the subcontinent. This included physical violence and religious persecution. Following the recruitment of women in the movement, the British also engaged in violence, brutality and abuse of women members.

Some Other Important Articles MYUPSC! Daily News Prescription - 9 January 2020

In August 1931, the Khudai Khidmatgar aligned themselves with the Congress party, forcing the British to reduce the violence they were perpetrated on the movement.

Post Independence:

The Khudai Khidmatgar opposed Partition, a stance that many interpreted as the movement not being in favour of the creation of the independent nation of Pakistan. Post 1947, the Khudai Khidmatgar slowly found their political influence decreasing to such an extent that the movement and the massacre 90 years ago in the Qissa Khwani Bazaar has been wiped out from collective memory.

DIKSHA

The DIKSHA platform offers teachers, students and parents engaging learning material relevant to the prescribed school curriculum.
It is built considering the whole teacher’s life cycle – from the time student teachers enroll in Teacher Education Institutes (TEIs) to after they retire as teachers.
The DIKSHA Platform is launched by Ministry of HRD, it has been operating since 2017 with more than 30 States and Union Territories leveraging DIKSHA for augmenting teaching and learning processes.

Genome sequencing of Plants and Animals

Genome sequencing is ostensibly the process of determining the complete DNA sequence of an organism’s genome at a single time.
This entails sequencing all of an organism’s chromosomal DNA as well as DNA contained in the mitochondria and, for plants, in the chloroplast.
Whole genome sequencing should not be confused with DNA profiling, which only determines the likelihood that genetic material came from a particular individual or group, and does not contain additional information on genetic relationships, origin or susceptibility to specific diseases.

Article 164(4) of the Indian Constitution

What’s the issue?

Maharashtra CM Uddhav Thackeray may end up losing his seat if he is not elected to the Legislative Council of the state before May 24th.

He took the oath of his office on November 28, 2019 without being a member of either the State legislature or council.
But, he will have to get elected to either of the houses of the state legislature before May 24, as Article 164(4) of the Constitution stipulates.
However, the Election Commission has already postponed Rajya Sabha polls, byelections and civic body elections in the wake of Covid 19 pandemic.

What does the Constitution say?

Article 164 of the Constitution allows a non-legislator to occupy a post in the council of ministers, including the office of the chief minister for six months.

What’s the alternative available now?

Article 171 of the Constitution says the governor can nominate eminent persons from the field for literature, science, art, cooperative movement and social service.

Uddahv Thackeray does not directly fit into any of the criteria mentioned but social service has a wider scope. And, if governor nominates somebody to the legislative council, his/her decision cannot be challenged in the court, at least as of the precedent right now.

The Maharashtra legislative council has two vacancies to be filled by governor’s nominations.

Then, what is the problem now?

There are some legal hurdles.

Section 151A of Representation of the People Act 1951 puts a bar on the governor’s discretionary power to nominate a person to the legislative council.

It says election or nomination to vacant seats in the legislative council cannot be done “if the remainder of the term of a member in relation to a vacancy is less than one year”.

The tenure of the two vacancies that arose on the account of resignations by members recently ends in June. So, the remainder of the term is less than a year.

So, what next?

Uddhav Thackeray cannot continue unless elected to any of the houses of Maharashtra legislature after May 28.

Technically, he can be reappointed as the Maharashtra chief minister again after he resigns on May 27 or 28 and takes oath afresh.

But, if Uddhav decides to resign and takes oath afresh, there could be another obstacle. This relates to a case in Punjab, where Tej Parkash Singh of the Congress was appointed a minister in 1995 and was reappointed at the expiry of six months’ period in 1996 without getting elected to state assembly.

Litigation followed. And, in 2001, the Supreme Court declared the resign-and-reappoint bid as “improper, undemocratic, invalid and unconstitutional”.

This judgment did not have a bearing on Tej Parkash Singh but may come in the way of Uddav Thackeray if he takes the same route.

Indian Initiative on Earth Bio Genome Sequencing (IIEBS)

IIEBS is a nationwide project to decode the genetic information of all known species of plants and animals in the country.
The project is part of the Earth Bio Genome Project, an international initiative which aims to sequence the genetic codes of all of earth’s eukaryotic biodiversity over a period of 10 years.
The whole genome sequencing of 1,000 species of plants and animals will be taken up in the initial phase of IIEBS to be completed over a period of five years at an estimated cost of ₹440 crore.
The National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi is the coordinating center for the nationwide project involving a total of 24 institutes.

The Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute (JNTBGRI) has been selected as one of the Biological Knowledge and Resource Centers of the Indian Initiative on Earth Bio Genome Sequencing (IIEBS).
The project is planning for a nationwide project to decode the genetic information of all known species of plants and animals in the country.
The digital repository of genome sequences is expected to provide the critical infrastructure for better understanding of ecosystems and conservation of biodiversity as well as the development of new treatments for infectious and inherited diseases, agricultural products, biomaterials and biological fuels.

Some Other Important Articles Daily News Prescription - 28 February 2020

Classical swine fever

What is Classical Swine Fever (CSF)?

Hog Cholera or Classical swine fever (CSF) is a contagious viral disease of domestic and wild swine.

It happens due to the viruses that bring viral diarrhea in pigs and ailments in sheep.
The disease does not harm humansbut all-important precautions are advised to follow.

Concerns for India:

Classical Swine Fever (CSF) is one of the biggest pigs’ diseases in India. It causes a loss of about 400 crores of rupees per year in India. This has led to a decrease in the population of pigs in 2019.
India currently requires 22 million doses of the CSF (Classical Swine Fever) vaccine every year. However, currently, only 1.2 million doses are being produced. The reason behind its less production is that only 50 doses can be prepared from the spleen of a rabbit.

Litchi Production

The Litchi is an important sub-tropical evergreen fruit crop believed to have originated in China.

It is highly specific to climatic requirements and probably due to this reason its cultivation is restricted to few countries in the world.
In India, lychee was introduced in the 18th century through Burma, and from there, it spread to many countries.
India and China account for 91 percent of the world lychee production but it is mainly marketed locally.
Lychee being exacting in climatic requirement is confined to states of Bihar, Tripura, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and Haryana.
Of the total production of lychee in India, 74 percent is contributed by Bihar.
The second largest lychee producing state is West Bengal followed by Tripura and Assam.
Muzaffarpur district in Bihar accounts for almost 40% of the total litchi production in the country.
The peak litchi season in India is between the third week of May and the second week of June.
Due to Covid-19 pandemic litchi growers in India are facing huge losses.

NanoBlitz 3D

International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials (ARCI) has developed an advanced tool NanoBlitz 3D.
It is used for mapping Nano-mechanical properties of materials like multi-phase alloys, composites, and multi-layered coatings.
The tool has been found to yield excellent results on a wide range of material systems, including glass-fibre-reinforced polymer composites, dual-phase steels, softwood and shale.
It can measure hardness and elastic modulus of a given material.

Krishi Kalyan Abhiyaan

Context: The Krishi Kalyan Abhiyan (KKA) is being implemented in 112 Aspirational districts of the country.

About Krishi Kalyan Abhiyan:

Launched in 2018 under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare.

Aim: to aid, assist and advise farmers to improve their farming techniques and increase their incomes.

Implementation:

Krishi kalyan Abhiyaan will be undertaken in 25 Villages with more than 1000 population each in Aspirational Districts identified in consultation with Ministry of Rural Development as per directions of NITI Ayog.
In districts where number of villages (with more than 1000 population) is less than 25, all villages will be covered.
The overall coordination and implementation in the 25 villages of a district is being done by Krishi Vigyan Kendra of that district.

Various activities to promote best practices and enhance agriculture income are being undertaken under this plan such as:

Distribution of Soil Health Cards to all farmers
100% coverage of bovine vaccination for Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) in each village
100% coverage of Sheep and Goat for eradication of Peste des Petits ruminants (PPR) also known as sheep and goat plague
Distribution of Mini Kits of pulses and oilseeds to all
Distribution of Horticulture/Agro Forestry/Bamboo plant @ 5 per family(location appropriate)
Making 100 NADAP Pits in each village
Artificial insemination saturation
Demonstration programmes on Micro- irrigation
Demonstrations of integrated cropping practice

Kasowal Bridge

BRO has constructed and opened a 484- metre long permanent bridge on the river Ravi to connect the Kasowal enclave of Punjab along the Pakistan border to the rest of the country.
Kasowal enclave is around 35 square km, It was connected through a pontoon bridge of limited load capacity.
The enclave was formed because it has the Ravi behind it and the International Border ahead of it.
There are similar enclaves of Pakistani territory too, which lie ahead of Ravi and face Indian Territory.
These Pakistani enclaves Dera Baba Nanak enclave and Jassar enclave were occupied by the Indian Army in the 1965 and 1971 wars.

Reverse Vaccinology

Context: Researchers from Tamil Nadu have developed a vaccine candidate against SARS-CoV-2 through ‘reverse vaccinology’.

Previously, Reverse vaccinology has been used for developing vaccinations for meningococcal and staphylococcal infections.

What is reverse vaccinology?

Reverse vaccinology defines the process of antigen discovery starting from genome information.
This is done with the aid of computers without culturing microorganism.
The process includes comparative in silico analyses of multiple genome sequences in order to identify conserved antigens within a heterogeneous pathogen population and identification of antigens that are unique to pathogenic isolates but not present in commensal strains.
In addition, transcriptomic and proteomic data sets are integrated into a selection process that yields a short list of candidate antigens to be tested in animal models, thus reducing the costs and time of downstream analyses.

Khongjom Day:

Ir is celebrated in Manipur every year on April 23 to pay tribute to the war heroes of Anglo-Manipuri War 1891 who had sacrificed their lives fighting against the British to protect freedom of Manipur.

What are deep nudes?

Deep nudes are computer-generated images and videos.

Cybercriminals use Artificial Intelligence (AI) software to superimpose a digital composite (assembling multiple media files to make a final one) on to an existing video, photo or audio.

Concerns: Because of how realistic deepfake images, audio and videos can be, the technology is vulnerable for use by cybercriminals who could spread misinformation to intimidate or blackmail people.

Source: PIB, the Hindu, New on AIR, Indian Express

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